Ammonium assimilation and ureide metabolism in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) nodules under salt stress

نویسندگان

  • Mariam KHADRI
  • Lina PLIEGO
  • Mariam SOUSSI
  • Carmen LLUCH
  • Antonio OCAÑA
چکیده

The effect of salinity on ammonium-assimilation enzymes, as well as on the enzymes of purine catabolism, was studied in root nodules of common bean plants grown in an environmentally controlled chamber. Salt treatments (0, 25, 50 and 100 mM) were applied during the vegetative period, when the symbiosis was well established. Four harvests were made, two during the vegetative and two during the reproductive period. Salinity reduced plant dry weight by 25% with salt high levels in the third and fourth harvests. Also, nitrogenase activity was reduced by the highest levels of salinity in the last two harvests, as welI as glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase. Xanthine dehydrogenase and uricase activities showed a pattern closely related to those of total nitrogen per plant. The total N content of the plants revealed no significant reduction. We reported that the inhibition of enzymatic activities related to ammonium assimilation of the GS/GOGAT pathway promote other enzyme activities (GDH and AAT). The inhibition of enzymes related to purine catabolism (xanthine dehydrogenase and uricase) decreased the ureide content and alternatively the amino acid content increase in the nodules of common bean. Phaseolus / symbiosis / ureides / amino acids / ammonium assimilation / salt stress Résumé – Assimilation de l’ammonium et métabolisme des uréides dans les nodules de haricot (Phaseolus vulgaris) sous contrainte saline. L’effet de la salinité sur les enzymes de l’assimilation de l’ammonium ainsi que sur les enzymes du catabolisme des purines a été suivi chez les nodosités du haricot commun (Phaseolus vulgaris) en ambiance contrôlée. Les traitements salins (0, 50, 75 et 100 mM) furent appliqués durant la période végétative alors que la symbiose était bien établie. Quatre récoltes furent effectuées : deux en période végétative et deux en période de reproduction. La salinité réduit la croissance des plantes de 25 % des deux dernières récoltes. La concentration de sel de 100 mM affecte négativement l’activité nitrogénase, spécialement lors des deux denières récoltes, ainsi que l’activité de la glutamine synthetase et la glutamine synthase. De même les activités xantine dehydrogénase et uricase montrent un profil très similaire à celui du contenu en N total par plante. D’autre part, la réduction en N total des plantes n’est pas significative. Ainsi, la variété Africa peut être considérée comme modérément tolérante au sel. Ce travail montre que l’inhibition des activités enzymatiques de l’assimilation de l’ammonium via GS/GOGAT induit la stimulation des activités GDH et AAT. L’inhibition des enzymes du catabolisme des purines implique la diminution du contenu nodulaire des uréides et l'augmentation des acides aminés. Phaseolus / symbiose / uréide / acide aminé / assimilation de l’ammonium / salinité Agronomie 21 (2001) 635–643 635 © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2001 Communicated by Jean-Jacques Drevon (Montpellier, France) * Correspondence and reprints [email protected] M. Khadri et al. 636

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تاریخ انتشار 2001